Artificially Intelligent Nanomaterials for Environmental Engineering

Presents novel, nanotechnology-based solutions for urgent environmental engineering problems Clear and concise from beginning to end, this book focuses on the design and application of artificially intelligent nanomaterials, which help in solving many tangible environmental problems?especially water and air pollution. It lays out the design concepts, major chemical principles, and materials considerations of artificially intelligent nanomaterials for environmental engineering, and provides proof-of-concept examples such as improved filtration membranes, nanofibrous air filters, and molecularly imprinted nanomaterials. Artificially Intelligent Nanomaterials: For Environmental Engineering starts by describing the background of environmental nanotechnology, the rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and the current status of AI in environmental engineering. It then looks at: intelligently functional materials and responsive mechanisms; designing filtration membranes with responsive gates; switchable wettability materials for controllable oil/water separation; and self-healing materials for environmental applications. The book continues with chapters that examine: emerging nanofibrous air filters for PM2.5 removal; self-propelled nanomotors for environmental applications; molecular imprinting in wastewater treatment; and emerging synergistically multifunctional and all-in-one nanomaterials and nanodevices in advanced environmental applications. -Presents the state-of-the-art in environmental technology and puts forward bold ideas for its advancement -Addresses global challenges, including all important water and air quality which are critical for human health and a sustainable future -Concentrates on nanotechnology-enabled solutions for pollutant removal from water and air Artificially Intelligent Nanomaterials: For Environmental Engineering is an ideal book for undergraduates, graduates, scientists, and professionals in the fields of environmental science, material science, chemistry, and chemistry engineering.

Autorentext
Peng Wang is Full Professor of Environmental Science and Engineering at the Water Desalination and Reuse Center of the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Saudi Arabia.

Jian Chang, Master, is currently a research technician in Professor Peng Wang's group at KAUST.

Lianbin Zhang is Full Professor of School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China.

Inhalt

Preface xi

1 Introduction 1

1.1 Global Challenges 1

1.2 Conventional Technologies in Environmental Science and Engineering 2

1.3 Nanotechnology 3

1.3.1 History of Nanotechnology Evolution 3

1.3.2 Concept and Definition 4

1.3.3 Fields of Current Applications 4

1.3.4 Nanotechnology in Environmental Engineering 5

1.4 Artificially Intelligent Materials 7

1.4.1 Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Nanotechnology 7

1.4.2 Examples of Artificially Intelligent Nanomaterials 7

1.4.2.1 Energy Nanogenerator/Nanosensor (Piezoelectric/Triboelectric Materials) 7

1.4.2.2 Shape-Memory Materials 8

1.4.2.3 Actuator 9

1.5 Intelligent Environmental Nanomaterials 11

1.5.1 Overview 11

1.5.2 Self-Propelled Nanomotors 12

1.5.3 Intelligent Gating Membrane 12

1.5.4 Switchable Oil/Water Separation 12

1.5.5 Self-Healing Environmental Materials 12

1.5.6 Molecular Imprinting 13

1.5.7 Nanofibrous Membrane Air Filters 13

1.6 Introduction to the Book Chapters 13

References 14

2 Fundamental Mechanisms of Intelligent Responsiveness 27

2.1 Overview of Intelligent Responsiveness 27

2.2 Responsiveness in the Polymer System 28

2.3 Thermoresponsiveness 29

2.3.1 LCST Thermoresponsiveness 30

2.3.2 UCST Thermoresponsiveness 32

2.3.2.1 Coulomb Interaction-Induced UCST Polymers (Polyzwitterions) 32

2.3.2.2 Hydrogen Bonding-Induced UCST Polymers 33

2.4 pH Responsiveness 34

2.4.1 pH-Responsive Basic Polymers 36

2.4.2 pH-Responsive Acidic Polymers 38

2.5 Photo-responsiveness 39

2.5.1 Azobenzene and Its Derivatives 41

2.5.2 Spiropyran-Based Polymers 42

2.5.3 Inorganic Photo-Responsive Materials 42

2.6 Metalic Ion Responsiveness 43

2.6.1 Poly(NIPAM-co-AAB18C6) 44

2.6.2 Poly(NIPAM-co-AAB15C5) (15-Crown-5) 45

2.7 Ion Strength Responsiveness 45

2.8 Redox Responsiveness 47

2.9 Multi-responsiveness 49

2.9.1 Dual Stimuli-Responsive Polymers 49

2.9.1.1 Thermo- and Photo-Responsive Polymers 49

2.9.1.2 Thermo- and pH-Responsive Polymers 49

2.9.1.3 Thermo- and Redox-Responsive Polymers 50

2.9.2 Multi-Stimuli-Responsive Polymers 50

2.9.2.1 Thermo-, Photo-, and pH-Responsive Polymers 50

2.9.2.2 Thermo-, Photo-, and Redox-Responsive Polymers 51

2.10 Conclusion 52

References 52

3 Filtration Membranes with Responsive Gates 69

3.1 Membrane Separation for Water Purification and Desalination 69

3.2 Emerging Design and Concept of Filtration Membranes with Responsive and Intelligent Gates 70

3.3 Fabrication Methods of Intelligent Gating Membranes 71

3.3.1 Post-Modification Method 72

3.3.2 One-Step Formation Method 73

3.4 Application of Intelligent Gating Membranes to Environmental Separation 73

3.5 Thermoresponsiveness 74

3.6 pH Responsiveness 80

3.6.1 Polybase Gating Membranes 80

3.6.2 Polyacid Gating Membrane 83

3.7 Photo-responsiveness 85

3.7.1 Azobenzene-Based Gating Membranes 85

3.7.2 Spiropyran-Based Gating Membranes 87

3.8 Metallic Ion Responsiveness 89

3.9 Redox Responsiveness 91

3.10 Ion Strength Responsiveness 92

3.11 Dual and Multi-Stimuli Responsiveness 95

3.11.1 pH and Temperature Dual Responsiveness 95

3.11.2 Temperature and Ion Strength Dual Responsiveness 97

3.11.3 pH and Ion Strength Dual Responsiveness 97

3.11.4 Temperature, pH, and Ion Strength Multi-responsiveness 99

3.12 Conclusions 99

References 100 **4 Switchable Wettability Materials for Controllable Oil/Water Separation 113</b&gt...