Morphological and Physical Classification of Galaxies

The morphological scheme devised by Hubble and followers to classify galaxies has proven over many decades to be quite effective in directing our quest for the fundamental pa­ rameters describing the extragalactic manifold. This statement is however far more true for spirals than for ellipticals. Echoing the concluding remarks in Scott Tremaine's sum­ mary talk at the Princeton meeting on Structure and Dynamics of Elliptical Galaxies, "the Hubble classification of spirals is useful because many properties of spirals (gas con­ tent, spiral arm morphology, bulge prominence, etc. ) all correlate with Hubble time. By contrast, almost nothing correlates with the elliptical Hubble sequence El to E7. " During the last few years much effort has been put into the search for a more meaningful classification of ellipticals than Hubble's. Concomitantly, forwarded by some provocative conjectures by R. Michard, the classical question of whether E galaxies form a physically homogeneous family has been brushed up once more. Results of these and other parallel studies look rather promising and point to suture part of the dichotomy between ellipticals and disk galaxies which had become popular in the early eighties, owing to dynamical arguments. At the same time it appears more and more clear that, besides the usual genetic varieties of galaxies, products of environmental evolution must also be contemplated in building our modern picture of the "reign of galaxies" . The above considerations prompted us to solicit Prof.

Inhalt

Invited Papers: Galaxy Types.- Morphology of Galaxies: An Overview.- The Luminosity Functions of Galaxies.- Elliptical Galaxies.- Structure and Kinematics of Spirals.- Brightest Cluster Members.- Central Regions of Early-Type Galaxies.- Stellar Content and Chemical Evolution in Spheroidal Populations.- Invited Papers: Galaxian Components.- Stellar Disks in Early-Type Galaxies.- Gaseous Disks in Elliptical Galaxies.- Formation and Maintenance of Spiral Structure.- Dark Matter in Elliptical Galaxies.- Dark Matter in Late-Type Galaxies.- Dark Matter in Dwarf Galaxies.- Elliptical Galaxies in X-Rays.- The Warm Component of the ISM of Elliptical Galaxies.- The Bar Component in Disk Galaxies.- Peculiar Kinematics.- Cold Gas in Elliptical Galaxies.- Cold Gas in Late-Type Galaxies.- Abundance Gradients and Related Properties in Galaxies.- Structure and Metallicity of Low-Luminosity Early-Type Galaxies.- Invited Papers: Environment and Systematics.- Interactions: Weak.- Interactions: Strong.- The Morphology of Binary Galaxies.- Intrinsic Shapes of Elliptical Galaxies.- On Understanding the Global Properties of Galaxies.- Galaxy Manifolds and Galaxy Formation.- Sub-Components in Elliptical Galaxies and their Formation.- Morphology and Classification of Galaxies - Where Do We Stand?.- Poster Papers.- Detailed Morphological Classification of Early-Type Galaxies in the Perseus Cluster.- Properties of Dwarf Spheroidals.- Bright Cores in Nearby Southern Galaxies.- Shell Formation and Thick Disks in Elliptical Galaxies.- The Origin of Strong Isophotal Twists in Elliptical Galaxies.- Photometric Properties of Disks in Elliptical Galaxies.- Elliptical Galaxies with Dark Matter.- Nuclear Dust-Discs in Radio Ellipticals.- Extended H? Filaments in Elliptical Galaxies.- The Origin of the Ionized Gas in S0 Galaxies.- Line-Strength Gradients in S0 Galaxies.- Ultraviolet Spectra of Early Type Galaxies.- On the Nature of the Compact Galaxies in the UGC.- Morphology of Galaxies Surrounding Compact Groups.- Mean Surface Density and Morphological Type in Disc-Galaxies.- Peculiar Kinematics in Interacting Elliptical Galaxies.- Morphology and Kinematics of Spiral Galaxies without Bar: The Importance of the Central Mass.- The Correlation between Velocity Gradients and Arm Classification in Spiral Galaxies.- Optical Line/Radio Luminosity Correlation and the Effects of the Interstellar Medium.- The Luminosity-Diameter Relation for Disk Galaxies: A Search for Environmental Effects.- Global Properties in Early Type Galaxies.- Masses and Mass-to-Light Ratios of Elliptical Galaxies.- On the Photometric Scaling Laws for Early-Type Galaxies.- Properties of Brightest Cluster Members.- The Fundamental Plane for Early-Type Galaxies.- Elliptical Galaxies and the Thickness of the Fundamental Plane.- Dissipationless Formation of Elliptical Galaxies.- The Two-Component Colour-Structure of the gE Galaxy NGC 4472.- The Velocity Dispersion Anisotropy in NGC 720.- NGC 205 and the Nature of Compact Nuclei in Dwarf Galaxies.- Light and Color Distribution in the Core of M32.- NGC 3384 and Its "Saturn-Like" Appearance.- Cigale Observations of NGC 3198.- Mapping the Star Formation in Nearby Galaxies: The Magellanic Irregular NGC 3109.- MM Observations of the Magellanic Clouds from Antarctica.- Seyfert Galaxies with Close Companions. A Method for Identification.- Globular Clusters as Probes of the Galactic Potential.- Relation between the Properties of Globular Cluster System and the Mass Distribution on the Galactic Disk.- Towards a Precise Definition of the Morphological Structures of Galaxies as a Basis for Their Automatic Classification.- Fourier Analysis of Barred Galaxies: A Convenient Alternative to the Component Decomposition.- Improvements of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio by Adaptive Filtering.- Index of Objects.