Crisis in Kirkuk

Despite dramatic improvements in the security environment in most parts of Iraq, still unresolved are many core political issues, foremost of which is the conflict over the city and region of Kirkuk. With immense oil reserves and a diverse population of Kurds, Arabs, and Turkmens, Kirkuk in recent history has been scarred by interethnic violence and state-sponsored ethnic cleansing. Throughout the twentieth century, successive Arab Iraqi governments engaged in a brutal campaign to increase Kirkuk's Arab population at the expense of Kurds and Turkmens. Following the invasion of Iraq in 2003, a newly empowered Kurdish leadership has sought to reverse the effects of the Arabization campaign and to hold a referendum on incorporating Kirkuk into the Kurdistan Region. The Kurds' efforts are, however, strongly opposed by Kirkuk's Turkmens, Arabs, and also most states in the region.In Crisis in Kirkuk, Liam Anderson and Gareth Stansfield offer a dispassionate analysis of one of Iraq's most pressing and unresolved problems. Drawing on extensive research and fieldwork, the authors investigate the claims to ownership made by each of Kirkuk's competing communities. They consider the constitutional mechanisms put in place to address the issue and the problems that have plagued their implementation. The book concludes with an assessment of the measures needed to resolve the crisis in Kirkuk, stressing that finding a compromise acceptable to all sides is vital to the future stability of Iraq.

Autorentext
Liam Anderson is Associate Professor of Political Science at Wright State University and Senior Honorary Research Fellow at the Centre for Ethno-Political Studies at the University of Exeter. Gareth Stansfield is Professor of Middle East Politics at the Institute of Arab and Islamic Studies and Director of the Centre for Ethno-Political Studies at the University of Exeter and Associate Fellow of the Middle East Programme at the Royal Institute for International Affairs.

Inhalt

List of Abbreviations
Introduction

PART I. KIRKUK AND ITS ENVIRONS
Chapter 1. Kirkuk before Iraq
Chapter 2. Kirkuk in the Twentieth Century

PART II. THREE ETHNOPOLITICAL PERSPECTIVES
Chapter 3. The Post-2003 Iraqi Context
Chapter 4. The Turkmen Perspective: The Demise of a Formerly Dominant Community
Chapter 5. The Kurdish Perspective: Gaining "Jerusalem"
Chapter 6. The Arab Perspective: Applying the Old Rules

PART III. THE POSTWAR STRUGGLE FOR KIRKUK
Chapter 7. The Kurds Ascendant
Chapter 8. The Kurds Triumphant
Chapter 9. The Kurds Denied

PART IV. THE FUTURE OF KIRKUK: DIMENSIONS OF COMPROMISE
Chapter 10. The Struggle for Kirkuk: Problems of Process
Chapter 11. The Struggle for Kirkuk: Problems of Final Status
Chapter 12. The Struggle for Kirkuk: Future Governance

Conclusion

Notes
List of People Interviewed
Index
Acknowledgments