Language Testing, Migration and Citizenship

What is required to achieve civic integration and citizenship in nation states across the world? Should language testing be a part of it? This book addresses the urgent need to develop a fuller conceptual and theoretical basis for language testing than is currently available, to enable widespread discussion of this theme and the concomitant linguistic and cultural requirements.

The policy proposals for civic integration have so far been conducted almost entirely at a national level, and with little regard for the experiences of a countries with long traditions of migration, such as the USA, Canada, the UK or Australia. At the same time, EU enlargment and the ongoing rise in the rate of migration into and across Europe suggest that these issues will continue to grow in importance.

This book raises the level of discussion to take account of international developments and to promote a more coherent and soundly based debate. It will appeal to researchers and academics working in sociolinguistics and language education, as well as those working on language policy.

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Acknowledgements \ 1. Testing regimes for newcomers Guus Extra, Massimiliano Spotti and Piet Van Avermaet (Tilburg University, Netherlands and Centre for Equity in Education, Flanders, Belgium) \ PART I Case studies in Europe \ 2. The politics of language and citizenship in the Baltic context Gabrielle Hogan-Brun (University of Bristol, UK) \ 3. Language, migration and citizenship in Sweden Lilian Nygren-Junkin (Göteborg University, Sweden) \ 4. Inventing English as convenient fiction: language testing regimes in the United Kingdom Adrian Blackledge (University of Birmingham, United Kingdom) \ 5. Language, migration and citizenship in Germany: discourses on integration and belonging Patrick Stevenson and Livia Schanze (University of Southampton, UK) \ 6. One nation, two policies: language requirements for citizenship and integration in Belgium Piet Van Avermaet and Sara Gysen (Centre for Equity in Education, Flanders, Belgium) \ 7. Testing regimes for newcomers to the Netherlands Guus Extra and Massimiliano Spotti (Tilburg University, Netherlands) \ 8. Regimenting language, mobility and citizenship in Luxembourg Kristine Horner (University of Leeds, UK) \ 9. Spanish language ideologies in managing immigration and citizenship Dick Vigers and Clare Mar-Molinero (Southampton University, UK) \ PART II Case studies abroad \ 10. The language barrier between immigration and citizenship in the US Tammy Gales (University of California Davis, USA) \ 11. Canada: a multicultural mosaic Lilian Nygren-Junkin (Göteborg University, Sweden) \ 12. The spectre of the Dictation Test: language testing for immigration and citizenship in Australia Tim McNamara (University of Melbourne, Australia) \ 13. Citizenship, language, and nationality in Israel Elana Shohamy and Tzahi Kanza (Tel Aviv University, Israel) \ Index