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A panoramic global history of the nineteenth century
A monumental history of the nineteenth century, The Transformation of the World offers a panoramic and multifaceted portrait of a world in transition. Jürgen Osterhammel, an eminent scholar who has been called the Braudel of the nineteenth century, moves beyond conventional Eurocentric and chronological accounts of the era, presenting instead a truly global history of breathtaking scope and towering erudition. He examines the powerful and complex forces that drove global change during the "long nineteenth century," taking readers from New York to New Delhi, from the Latin American revolutions to the Taiping Rebellion, from the perils and promise of Europe's transatlantic labor markets to the hardships endured by nomadic, tribal peoples across the planet. Osterhammel describes a world increasingly networked by the telegraph, the steamship, and the railways. He explores the changing relationship between human beings and nature, looks at the importance of cities, explains the role slavery and its abolition played in the emergence of new nations, challenges the widely held belief that the nineteenth century witnessed the triumph of the nation-state, and much more.
This is the highly anticipated English edition of the spectacularly successful and critically acclaimed German book, which is also being translated into Chinese, Polish, Russian, and French. Indispensable for any historian, The Transformation of the World sheds important new light on this momentous epoch, showing how the nineteenth century paved the way for the global catastrophes of the twentieth century, yet how it also gave rise to pacifism, liberalism, the trade union, and a host of other crucial developments.
Autorentext
Jürgen Osterhammel is professor of modern and contemporary history at the University of Konstanz. He is the coauthor of Globalization: A Short History and a coeditor of A History of the World.
Zusammenfassung
A panoramic global history of the nineteenth centuryA monumental history of the nineteenth century, The Transformation of the World offers a panoramic and multifaceted portrait of a world in transition. Jurgen Osterhammel, an eminent scholar who has been called the Braudel of the nineteenth century, moves beyond conventional Eurocentric and chronological accounts of the era, presenting instead a truly global history of breathtaking scope and towering erudition. He examines the powerful and complex forces that drove global change during the "e;long nineteenth century,"e; taking readers from New York to New Delhi, from the Latin American revolutions to the Taiping Rebellion, from the perils and promise of Europe's transatlantic labor markets to the hardships endured by nomadic, tribal peoples across the planet. Osterhammel describes a world increasingly networked by the telegraph, the steamship, and the railways. He explores the changing relationship between human beings and nature, looks at the importance of cities, explains the role slavery and its abolition played in the emergence of new nations, challenges the widely held belief that the nineteenth century witnessed the triumph of the nation-state, and much more.This is the highly anticipated English edition of the spectacularly successful and critically acclaimed German book, which is also being translated into Chinese, Polish, Russian, and French. Indispensable for any historian, The Transformation of the World sheds important new light on this momentous epoch, showing how the nineteenth century paved the way for the global catastrophes of the twentieth century, yet how it also gave rise to pacifism, liberalism, the trade union, and a host of other crucial developments.
Inhalt
Preface xi
Introduction xv
PART ONE: APPROACHES
I Memory and Self-Observation: The Perpetuation of the Nineteenth Century 3
1Visibility and Audibility 5
2Treasuries of Memory and Knowledge 7
3Observation, Description, Realism 17
4Numbers 25
5News 29
6Photography 39
II Time: When Was the Nineteenth Century? 45
1Chronology and the Coherence of the Age 45
2Calendar and Periodization 49
3Breaks and Transitions 52
4The Age of Revolution, Victorianism, Fin de Siécle 58
5Clocks and Acceleration 67
III Space: Where Was the Nineteenth Century? 77
1Space and Time 77
2Metageography: Naming Spaces 78
3Mental Maps: The Relativity of Spatial Perspective 86
4Spaces of Interaction: Land and Sea 94
5Ordering and Governing Space 104
6Territoriality, Diaspora, Borders 107
PART TWO: PANORAMAS
IV Mobilities 117
1Magnitudes and Tendencies 117
2Population Disasters and the Demographic Transition 124
3The Legacy of Early Modern Migrations: Creoles and Slaves 128
4Penal Colony and Exile 133
5Ethnic Cleansing 139
6I nternal Migration and the Changing Slave Trade 144
7Migration and Capitalism 154
8Global Motives 164
V Living Standards: Risk and Security in Material Life 167
1The Standard of Living and the Quality of Life 167
2Life Expectancy and "*Homo hygienicu*s" 170
3Medical Fears and Prevention 178
4Mobile Perils, Old and New 185
5Natural Disasters 197
6Famine 201
7Agricultural Revolutions 211
8Poverty and Wealth 216
9Globalized Consumption 226
VI Cities: European Models and Worldwide Creativity 241
1The City as Norm and Exception 241
2Urbanization and Urban Systems 249
3Between Deurbanization and Hypergrowth 256
4Specialized Cities, Universal Cities 264
5The Golden Age of Port Cities 275
6Colonial Cities, Treaty Ports, Imperial Metropolises 283
7Internal Spaces and Undergrounds 297
8Symbolism, Aesthetics, Planning 311
VII Frontiers: Subjugation of Space and Challenges to Nomadic Life 322
1Invasions and Frontier Processes 322
2The North American West 331
3South America and South Africa 347
4Eurasia 356
5Settler Colonialism 368
6The Conquest of Nature: Invasions of the Biosphere 375
VIII Imperial Systems and Nation-States: The Persistence of Empires 392
1Great-Power Politics and Imperial Expansion 392
2Paths to the Nation-State 403
3What Holds Empires Together? 419
4Empires: Typology and Comparisons 429
5Central and Marginal Cases 434
6Pax Britannica 450
7Living in Empires 461
IX International Orders, Wars, Transnational Movements: Between Two World Wars 469
1The Thorny Path to a Global System of States 469
2Spaces of Power and Hegemony 475
3Peaceful Europe, Wartorn Asia and Africa 483
4Diplomacy as Political Instrument and Intercultural Art 493
5Internationalisms and the Emergence of Universal Norms 505
X Revolutions: From Philadelphia via Nanjing to Saint Petersburg 514
1Revolutions--from Below, from Above, from Unexpected Directions 514
2The Revolutionary Atlantic 522
3The Great Turbulence in Midcentury 543
4Eurasian Revolutions, Fin de Siècle 558
XI The State: Minimal Government, Performances, and the Iron Cage 572
1Order and Communication: The State and the Political 572
2Reinventions of Monarchy 579
3Democracy 593
4Bureaucracies 605
5Mobilization and Discipline 616
6Self-Strengthening: The Politics of Peripheral Defensive 625
7State and Nationalism 629
PART THREE: THEMES
XII Energy and Industry: Who Unbound Prometheus, When, and Where? 637
1Industrialization 638
2Energy Regimes: The Century of Coal 651
3Paths of Economic Development and Nondevelopment 658
4Capitalism 667
XIII Labor: The Physical Basis of Culture 673
1The Weight of Rural Labor 675
2Factory, Construction Site, Office 685
3Toward Emancipation: Slaves, Serfs, Peasants 697
4The Asymmetry of Wage Labor 706
XIV Networks: Extension, Density, Holes 710
1Communications 712
2Trade 724
3Money and Finance 730
XV Hierarchies: The Vertical Dimension of Social Space 744
1Is a Glo…