Cognitive Errors and Diagnostic Mistakes

This case-based book illustrates and explores common cognitive biases and their consequences in the practice of medicine. The book begins with an introduction that explains the concept of cognitive errors and their importance in clinical medicine and current controversies within healthcare. The core of the book features chapters dedicated to particular cognitive biases; cases are presented and followed by a discussion of the clinician's rationale and an overview of the particular cognitive bias. Engaging and easy to read, this text provides strategies on minimizing cognitive errors in various medical and professional settings.

Autorentext

Jonathan Howard MD

Assistant Professor, Neurology and Psychiatry

NYU Langone Medical Center

New York, NY

Inhalt

An introduction to cognitive biases and how they led to errors and impact medical diagnoses

Aggregate bias

Anchoring

Availability

Base-rate neglect

Commission bias

Diagnosis momentum

Feedback sanction

Framing effect

Fundamental attribution error

Gambler's fallacy

Gender bias

Hindsight bias

Multiple alternatives bias

Omission bias

Order effects Outcome bias

Overconfidence bias

Playing the odds

Posterior probability error

Premature closure

Psych-out error

Representativeness restraint

Search satisfying

Sutton's slip

Triage cueing

Unpacking principle

Vertical line failure

Visceral bias

Yin Yang

Strategies to improve critical thinking and minimize cognitive biases/diagnostic errors