Wildlife Ecology, Conservation, and Management

To understand modern principles of sustainable management and
the conservation of wildlife species requires intimate knowledge
about demography, animal behavior, and ecosystem dynamics. With
emphasis on practical application and quantitative skill
development, this book weaves together these disparate elements in a single coherent textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate students.
It reviews analytical techniques, explaining the mathematical and
statistical principles behind them, and shows how these can be used
to formulate realistic objectives within an ecological framework.

This third edition is comprehensive and up-to-date, and
includes:

• Brand new chapters that disseminate rapidly developing topics in
  the field: habitat use and selection; habitat fragmentation,
  movement, and corridors; population viability. analysis, the
  consequences of climate change; and evolutionary responses to
  disturbance

• A thorough updating of all chapters to present important areas of
  wildlife research and management with recent developments and
  examples.

• A new online study aid ? a wide variety of downloadable
  computer programs in the freeware packages R and Mathcad, available
  through a companion website. Worked examples enable readers to
  practice calculations explained in the text and to develop a solid
  understanding of key statistical procedures and population models
  commonly used in wildlife ecology and management.

The first half of the book provides a solid background in key
ecological concepts. The second half uses these concepts to develop
a deeper understanding of the principles underlying wildlife
management and conservation. Global examples of real-life
management situations provide a broad perspective on the
international problems of conservation, and detailed case histories
demonstrate concepts and quantitative analyses. This third edition
is also valuable to professional wildlife managers, park rangers,
biological resource managers, and those working in ecotourism.

Autorentext

Professor John Fryxell currently teaches in the Department of Integrative Biology at the University of Guelph, Canada, where he has worked closely with a number of university and government scientists to develop sustainable conservation strategies for elk, woodland caribou, wolves, and marten. Previous to this he worked at the University of British Columbia and as Wildlife Consultant for the Provincial Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. His research has focused on the role of behavior in population and community dynamics of large mammals. He has a continuing interest in African wildlife, including long-term studies on the demography and spatial ecology of large herbivores and their predators in Serengeti National Park.

Professor Anthony Sinclair is currently Professor Emeritus at the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. He has been Director of the Centre for Biodiversity Research at the University, and a Professor at the Department of Zoology. He has researched Canadian subarctic ecosystems and worked on Canadian boreal forest ecosystems, in particular on cycles of snowshoe hares. He worked in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania, Africa, on ecology and conservation projects for over 40 years. He has conducted ecological research on the Serengeti ecosystem of Tanzania, documenting multiple states in Serengeti savanna and grassland communities. He has also worked on endangered marsupial mammal populations and predation by exotic carnivores in Australia and similar systems in New Zealand.

Klappentext

To understand modern principles of sustainable management and the conservation of wildlife species requires intimate knowledge about demography, animal behavior, and ecosystem dynamics. With emphasis on practical application and quantitative skill development, this book weaves together these disparate elements in a single coherent textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate students. It reviews analytical techniques, explaining the mathematical and statistical principles behind them, and shows how these can be used to formulate realistic objectives within an ecological framework.

This third edition is comprehensive and up-to-date, and includes:

• Brand new chapters that disseminate rapidly developing topics in the field: habitat use and selection; habitat fragmentation, movement, and corridors; population viability. analysis, the consequences of climate change; and evolutionary responses to disturbance
• A thorough updating of all chapters to present important areas of wildlife research and management with recent developments and examples.
• A new online study aid ? a wide variety of downloadable computer programs in the freeware packages R and Mathcad, available through a companion website. Worked examples enable readers to practice calculations explained in the text and to develop a solid understanding of key statistical procedures and population models commonly used in wildlife ecology and management. The first half of the book provides a solid background in key ecological concepts. The second half uses these concepts to develop a deeper understanding of the principles underlying wildlife management and conservation. Global examples of real-life management situations provide a broad perspective on the international problems of conservation, and detailed case histories demonstrate concepts and quantitative analyses. This third edition is also valuable to professional wildlife managers, park rangers, biological resource managers, and those working in ecotourism.

Inhalt
Preface xi About the companion website xiii

1 Introduction: goals and decisions 1

1.1 How to use this book 1

1.2 What is wildlife conservation and management? 2

1.3 Goals of management 3

1.4 Hierarchies of decision 6

1.5 Policy goals 7

1.6 Feasible options 7

1.7 Summary 8

Part 1 Wildlife ecology 9

2 Food and nutrition 11

2.1 Introduction 11

2.2 Constituents of food 11

2.3 Variation in food supply 14

2.4 Measurement of food supply 17

2.5 Basal metabolic rate and food requirement 20

2.6 Morphology of herbivore digestion 23

2.7 Food passage rate and food requirement 26

2.8 Body size and diet selection 27

2.9 Indices of body condition 28

2.10 Summary 33

3 Home range and habitat use 35

3.1 Introduction 35

3.2 Estimating home range size and utilization frequency 36

3.3 Estimating habitat availability and use 38

3.4 Selective habitat use 40

3.5 Using resource selection functions to predict population response 42

3.6 Sources of variation in habitat use 42

3.7 Movement within the home range 45

3.8 Movement among home ranges 48

3.9 Summary 51

4 Dispersal, dispersion, and distribution 53

4.1 Introduction 53

4.2 Dispersal 53

4.3 Dispersion 55

4.4 Distribution 56

4.5 Distribution, abundance, and range collapse 61

4.6 Species reintroductions or invasions 62

4.7 Summary 67

5 Population growth and regulation 69

5.1 Introduction 69

5.2 Rate of increase 69

5.3 Geometric or exponential population growth 73

5.4 Stability of populations 73

5.5 The theory of population limitation and regulation 76

5.6 Evidence for regulation 81

5.7 Applications of regulation 85

5.8 Logistic model of population regulation 86

5.9 Stability, cycles, and chaos 88

5.10 Intraspecific competition 90

5.11 Interactions of food, predators, and disease 93

5.12 Summary 93

6 Competition and facilitation between species 95

6.1 Introduction 95

6.2 Theoretical aspects of interspecific competition 96

6.3 Experimental demonstrations of competition 98

6.4 The concept of the niche 103

6.5 The competitive exclusion principle 106

6.6 Resource partitioning and habitat selecti…