Measurement and Analysis of Overvoltages in Power Systems

Measurement and Analysis of Overvoltages in Power Systems Jianming Li, Professor, State Grid Corporation, China A combination of theory and application, this book features practical tests and analytical techniques comprehensively with engineering practicality as its focus. Based on years of research and industry experience, the author introduces many scientific research methods such as overvoltage simulation studies, dynamic simulation experiment platform development and application, and overvoltage pattern recognition. Readers will get a good grounding in the various sources of overvoltages in power systems, methods in on-line measurements as well as explanations of overvoltage formation mechanisms and monitoring analysis methods. *Systematically examines sources, online measurements, analytical techniques, and simulations of overvoltages, with an emphasis on engineering practicality *Presents practical engineering examples analyzing overvoltages and improving system operation, based on field experiments and data analysis *Features overvoltage simulations and waveform analysis in transmission systems Measurement and Analysis of Overvoltages in Power Systems is intended as an all-in-one guide for engineers and researchers in power systems engineering. It can be used as a reference text for graduate students and lecturers of electrical engineering.

Autorentext

JIANMING LI, Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute (SEPRI), State Grid Corporation of China (SGCC), Sichuan, China

Klappentext
A combination of theory and application, this book features comprehensive practical tests and analytical techniques with engineering practicality as its focus. Based on years of research and industry experience, the author introduces many scientific research methods such as overvoltage simulation studies, dynamic simulation experiment platform development and application, and overvoltage pattern recognition. Readers will get a good grounding in the various sources of overvoltages in power systems, methods in on-line measurements as well as explanations of overvoltage formation mechanisms and monitoring analysis methods.

• Systematically examines sources, online measurements, analytical techniques, and simulations of overvoltages, with an emphasis on engineering practicality
• Presents practical engineering examples analyzing overvoltages and improving system operation, based on field experiments and data analysis
• Features overvoltage simulations and waveform analysis in transmission systems
  Measurement and Analysis of Overvoltages in Power Systems is intended as an all-in-one guide for engineers and researchers in power systems engineering. It can be used as a reference text for graduate students and lecturers of electrical engineering.

Zusammenfassung
Measurement and Analysis of Overvoltages in Power Systems

Jianming Li, Professor, State Grid Corporation, China

A combination of theory and application, this book features practical tests and analytical techniques comprehensively with engineering practicality as its focus. Based on years of research and industry experience, the author introduces many scientific research methods such as overvoltage simulation studies, dynamic simulation experiment platform development and application, and overvoltage pattern recognition. Readers will get a good grounding in the various sources of overvoltages in power systems, methods in on-line measurements as well as explanations of overvoltage formation mechanisms and monitoring analysis methods.

•Systematically examines sources, online measurements, analytical techniques, and simulations of overvoltages, with an emphasis on engineering practicality

•Presents practical engineering examples analyzing overvoltages and improving system operation, based on field experiments and data analysis

•Features overvoltage simulations and waveform analysis in transmission systems

Measurement and Analysis of Overvoltages in Power Systems is intended as an all-in-one guide for engineers and researchers in power systems engineering. It can be used as a reference text for graduate students and lecturers of electrical engineering.

Inhalt

Preface xiii

1 Overvoltage Mechanisms in Power Systems 1

1.1 Electromagnetic Transients and Overvoltage Classification 1

1.1.1 Electromagnetic Transients in Power System 1

1.1.2 Characteristics and Research Methods of Electromagnetic Transients 2

1.1.2.1 Refraction and Reflection of TravellingWaves 4

1.1.2.2 Peterson Principle 5

1.1.2.3 Multiple Refraction and Reflection of TravellingWaves 9

1.1.2.4 Evaluation of Overvoltages Using the Bergeron Method 12

1.2 Overvoltage Classification in Power Systems 14

1.2.1 Overvoltage Classification 14

1.3 Atmospheric Overvoltages 16

1.3.1 Lightning Discharge 16

1.3.2 Lightning Parameters 18

1.3.2.1 Frequency of Lightning Activities Thunderstorm Days andThunderstorm Hours 18

1.3.2.2 Ground Flash Density 19

1.3.2.3 Lightning Current Amplitude 19

1.3.2.4 Front Time, Front Steepness andWavelength of the Lightning Current 19

1.3.2.5 Lightning CurrentWaveforms for Calculation 19

1.3.3 Induced Lightning Overvoltages 20

1.3.3.1 Induced Lightning Overvoltages on the LineWhen Lightning Strikes the Ground Near the Line 20

1.3.3.2 Induced Overvoltages on the Line When Lightning Strikes the Line Tower 22

1.3.4 Direct Lightning Overvoltages 23

1.3.4.1 Overvoltages Due to Lightning Striking the Tower Top 23

1.3.4.2 Overvoltages Due to Lightning Striking the GroundWire at Midspan 24

1.3.4.3 Overvoltages Due to Shielding Failures 25

1.4 Switching Overvoltages 25

1.4.1 Closing Overvoltages 26

1.4.1.1 Overvoltages Caused by Closing Unloaded Lines 26

1.4.1.2 Overvoltages Caused by Planned Closing 26

1.4.1.3 Overvoltages Caused by Automatic Reclosing 28

1.4.1.4 Factors Influencing Closing Overvoltages 29

1.4.1.5 Measures for Suppressing Closing Overvoltages 30

1.4.2 Opening Overvoltages 30

1.4.2.1 Overvoltages Caused by De-Energizing Unloaded Lines 30

1.4.2.2 Physical Process 31

1.4.2.3 Influencing Factors 33

1.4.2.4 Measures 33

1.4.2.5 Switching Off Unloaded Transformers 34

1.4.2.6 Cause and Physical Process 34

1.4.2.7 Waveform Characteristics 36

1.4.2.8 Influencing Factors 37

1.4.2.9 Restrictive Measures 38

1.4.3 Arc Grounding Overvoltages 38

1.4.3.1 Cause and Formation 39

1.4.3.2 Overvoltage Characteristics andWaveforms 41

1.4.3.3 Influencing Factors 42

1.4.3.4 Restrictive Measures 43

1.4.4 Power System Splitting Overvoltages 44

1.5 Power Frequency Overvoltages 47

1.5.1 Power Frequency Overvoltages due to the Ferranti Effect 48

1.5.2 Power Frequency Voltage Rise Due to Asymmetrical Short-Circuit Faults 51

1.5.3 Power Frequency Voltage Rise Due to Load Rejection 54

1.5.4 PrecautionaryMeasures for Power Frequency Overvoltages 54

1.6 Resonance Overvoltages 55

1.6.1 Linear Resonance Overvoltages 56

1.6.2 Ferro-Resonance Overvoltages 59

1.6.3 Parametric Resonance Overvoltages 62

2 Transducers for Online Overvoltage Monitoring 65

2.1 Overvoltage Transducers at Transformer Bushing Taps 65

2.1.1 Design 65

2.1.1.1 Structural Design of the Main Body 65

2.1.1.2 Protection Unit Design 67

2.1.2 Parameter Setting 68

2.1.2.1 Capacity of Voltage-Dividing Capacitance 68

2.1.2.2 Voltage Rating 69

2.1.3 Feasibility Analysis 70

2.1.3.1 Error Analysis and Dynamic Error Correction 70

2.1.3.2 Impulse Response Characteristics Tests 71

2.2 Gapless MOA Voltage Transducers 72

2.2.1 Design 74

2.2.2 Operating Properties and Feasibility Analysis 75

2.2.2.1 Working in the Small Current Section 75

2.2.2.2 Working in the Large Current Range 76

2.2.3 Analysis of Field Applications 79

2.3 Voltage Transducers for Transmission Lines 81 2.3…