Audel HVAC Fundamentals, Volume 1

A reference you'll warm up to

From the background and basics of heating systems to the newest
chip-based technology, this first volume of Audel's HVAC Library
gives you comprehensive information you need on the job. Whether
you're installing, servicing, repairing, or troubleshooting an old
or new heating system, you'll find what you're looking for, from
wood and coal furnace maintenance to new calculations and the
latest environmental technologies and regulations.

• Review the basics of installation, wiring, and troubleshooting
  for different HVAC systems

• Choose the correct system for the space, climate, and needs

• Compare the economy and efficiency of various fuel types

• Install, maintain, and troubleshoot conversion units

• Find formula cross references, data tables with conversions, and
  listings of trade organizations and equipment manufacturers

Autorentext
James E. Brumbaugh has spent twenty years in the residential and light commercial construction industry. He is an accomplished educator fluent in several languages, and has written more than fifteen books on HVAC, construction, and the building trades.

Zusammenfassung
A reference you'll warm up to

From the background and basics of heating systems to the newest chip-based technology, this first volume of Audel's HVAC Library gives you comprehensive information you need on the job. Whether you're installing, servicing, repairing, or troubleshooting an old or new heating system, you'll find what you're looking for, from wood and coal furnace maintenance to new calculations and the latest environmental technologies and regulations.

• Review the basics of installation, wiring, and troubleshooting for different HVAC systems
• Choose the correct system for the space, climate, and needs
• Compare the economy and efficiency of various fuel types
• Install, maintain, and troubleshoot conversion units
• Find formula cross references, data tables with conversions, and listings of trade organizations and equipment manufacturers

Inhalt

Introduction xix

About the Author xxi

Chapter 1 Introduction 1

Heating and Ventilating Systems 2

Air Conditioning 4

Selecting a Suitable Heating, Ventilating, or Air Conditioning System 4

Career Opportunities 5

Professional Organizations 7

Chapter 2 Heating Fundamentals 9

British Thermal Unit 9

Relationship Between Heat and Work 9

Heat Transfer 11

Specific, Sensible, and Latent Heat 15

Heat-Conveying Mediums 16

Air 16

Steam 18

Water 22

Electricity 25

Chapter 3 Insulating and Ventilating Structures 27

Insulating Structures 27

Principles of Heat Transmission 28

Heat Transfer Values 29

Thermal Conductivity 29

Thermal Conductance 46

Thermal Resistance 47

Overall Coefficient of Heat Transmission 48

Condensation 48

Vapor Retarders 49

Air Barriers and Air/Vapor Retarders 51

Insulating Materials 52

Rigid Insulation Board 52

Reflective Insulation 54

Blanket or Batt Insulation 55

Loose-Fill Insulation 56

Blown-In Insulation 57

Foam Insulation 58

Building Construction and Location 58

Recommended Insulation Practices 59

Frame Walls 60

Masonry 60

Metal 63

Sandwich Construction 63

Basement Walls 63

Crawl Space Exterior Walls 63

Walls Between Separately Heated Dwelling Units 64

Wood or Metal Joist Frame Floors 64

Concrete Floors 66

Slab-on-Grade Floors 66

Floors of Sandwich Construction 66

Frame Ceilings and Roofs 67

Concrete Ceilings 68

Sandwich Ceilings 68

Windows and Doors 69

Insulating Attics, Attic Crawl Spaces, and Flat Roofs 69

Ventilating Structures 72

Chapter 4 Sizing Residential Heating and Air Conditioning Systems 73

Rule-of-Thumb Methods 74

Sizing Systems Using Coefficients of Heat Transmission 75

Outside Design Temperature 77

Inside Design Temperature 77

Design Temperature Difference 80

Determining Coefficients of Heat Transmission 80

Calculating Net Area 80

Heat Transmission Loss Formula 81

Computing Total Heat Loss 82

Loss in Doors and Windows 84

Loss in Basements 84

Loss in Slab Construction 86

Infiltration Heat Loss 87

Ventilation Heat Loss 92

The Average Value Method 93

Heat Loss Tabulation Forms 95

Estimating Fuel Requirements and Heating Costs 100

The Heat Loss Formula 100

The Corrected Heat Loss Formula 102

The Degree-Day Formula 102

The NEMA Formula 106

Manual J and Related Materials Used for Sizing Heating/Cooling Systems 106

Other Heating Costs 107

Determining Utility Rates 108

Chapter 5 Heating Fuels 111

Natural Gas 112

Manufactured Gas 113

Liquefied Petroleum Gas 113

Fuel Oils 114

Coal 117

Coke 119

Briquettes 119

Coal Oil 119

Wood as Fuel 120

Ash, Slag, and Clinker Formation 122

Soot 123

Comparing Heating Fuel Costs 123

Chapter 6 Warm-Air Heating Systems 125

Classifying Warm-Air Heating Systems 125

Gravity Warm-Air Heating Systems 128

Planning a Gravity Warm-Air

Heating System 129

Forced-Warm-Air Heating Systems 130

Planning a Forced-Warm-Air Heating System 131

Perimeter-Loop Warm-Air Heating Systems 132

Ceiling Panel Systems 134

Crawl Space Plenum Systems 134 Zoning a For...