Structural Health Monitoring of Large Civil Engineering Structures

A critical review of key developments and latest advances in Structural Health Monitoring technologies applied to civil engineering structures, covering all aspects required for practical application

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) provides the facilities for in-service monitoring of structural performance and damage assessment, and is a key element of condition based maintenance and damage prognosis. This comprehensive book brings readers up to date on the most important changes and advancements in the structural health monitoring technologies applied to civil engineering structures. It covers all aspects required for such monitoring in the field, including sensors and networks, data acquisition and processing, damage detection techniques and damage prognostics techniques. The book also includes a number of case studies showing how the techniques can be applied in the development of sustainable and resilient civil infrastructure systems.

Structural Health Monitoring of Large Civil Engineering Structures offers in-depth chapter coverage of: Sensors and Sensing Technology for Structural Monitoring; Data Acquisition, Transmission, and Management; Structural Damage Identification Techniques; Modal Analysis of Civil Engineering Structures; Finite Element Model Updating; Vibration Based Damage Identification Methods; Model Based Damage Assessment Methods; Monitoring Based Reliability Analysis and Damage Prognosis; and Applications of SHM Strategies to Large Civil Structures.

• Presents state-of-the-art SHM technologies allowing asset managers to evaluate structural performance and make rational decisions

• Covers all aspects required for the practical application of SHM

• Includes case studies that show how the techniques can be applied in practice

Structural Health Monitoring of Large Civil Engineering Structures is an ideal book for practicing civil engineers, academics and postgraduate students studying civil and structural engineering.

Autorentext

Hua-Peng Chen is Professor of Civil Engineering, Head of Innovative and Smart Structures at the University of Greenwich, UK. He has been working for over 20 years on structural health monitoring, advanced numerical modelling and structural performance assessment. He is a Fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers (UK) and a Chartered Civil Engineer (UK) with extensive experience in civil engineering practice.

Inhalt
Preface xiii

Biography xv

1 Introduction to Structural Health Monitoring 1

1.1 Advances in Structural Health Monitoring Technology 1

1.1.1 Structural Health in Civil Engineering 1

1.1.2 Aims of Structural Health Monitoring 2

1.1.3 Development of SHM Methods 3

1.2 Structural Health Monitoring System and Strategy 4

1.2.1 SHM System and its Components 4

1.2.2 SHM Strategy and Method 6

1.3 Potential Benefits of SHM in Civil Engineering 7

1.3.1 Character of SHM in Civil Engineering 7

1.3.2 Potential Benefits of SHM 9

1.4 Challenges and Further Work of SHM 10

1.4.1 Challenges of SHM in Civil Engineering 10

1.4.2 Further Work on SHM for Practical Applications 11

1.5 Concluding

Remarks 13

References 13

2 Sensors and Sensing Technology for Structural Monitoring 15

2.1 Introduction 15

2.2 Sensor Types 16

2.3 Sensor Measurements in Structural Monitoring 21

2.3.1 Structural Responses 21

2.3.2 Environmental Quantities 24

2.3.3 Operational Quantities 25

2.3.4 Typical Quantities for Bridge Monitoring 25

2.3.5 Example of an SHM System a Suspension Bridge (I) 27

2.4 Fibre Optic Sensors 33

2.4.1 Classification of Fibre Optic Sensors 33

2.4.2 Typical Fibre Optic Sensors in SHM 33

2.4.3 Fibre Optic Sensors for Structural Monitoring 36

2.5 Wireless Sensors 37

2.5.1 Components of Wireless Sensors 38

2.5.2 Field Deployment in Civil Infrastructure 39

2.6 Optimum Sensor Selection and Placement 39

2.6.1 Factors for Sensor Selection 40

2.6.2 Optimal Sensor Placement 41

2.7 Case Study 42

2.7.1 Sensors and Sensing System for SHM 43

2.7.2 Installation of FBG Sensors 43

2.8 Concluding

Remarks 47

References 48

3 Data Acquisition, Transmission and Management 51

3.1 Introduction 51

3.2 Data Acquisition Systems 52

3.2.1 Data Acquisition for Structural Monitoring 52

3.2.2 Data Acquisition in Bridge Monitoring 53

3.3 Data Transmission Systems 54

3.3.1 Wired Transmission Systems 54

3.3.2 Wireless Transmission Systems 55

3.3.3 Data Transmission in Bridge Monitoring 56

3.4 Data Processing Systems 57

3.4.1 Data Pre?]Processing for SHM 57

3.4.2 Data Analysis and Compression 58

3.4.3 Data Processing in Bridge Monitoring 58

3.5 Data Management Systems 59

3.5.1 Data Storage and File Management 59

3.5.2 Data Management in Bridge Monitoring 60

3.6 Case Study 61

3.7 Concluding Remarks 64

References 66

4 Structural Damage Identification Techniques 69

4.1 Introduction 69

4.2 Damage in Structures 70

4.3 Non?]Destructive Testing Techniques 71

4.3.1 Acoustic Emission 72

4.3.2 Ultrasound 73

4.3.3 Guided (Lamb) Waves 74

4.3.4 Thermography 75

4.3.5 Electromagnetic Methods 76

4.3.6 Capacitive Methods 76

4.3.7 Laser Doppler Vibrometer 77

4.3.8 Global Positioning System 78

4.3.9 Visual Inspection 79

4.4 Comparison of NDT and SHM 79

4.5 Signal Processing for Damage Detection 81

4.5.1 Fourier Based Transforms 81

4.5.2 Wavelet Transforms 81

4.5.3 HilbertHuang Transform 83

4.5.4 Comparison of Various Transforms 84

4.6 Data?] Based Versus Model?]Based Techniques 84

4.7 Development of Vibration?]Based Methods 87

4.8 Concluding Remarks 88

References 89

5 Modal Analysis of Civil Engineering Structures 91

5.1 Introduction 91

5.2 Basic Equations for Structural Dynamics 92

5.2.1 Modal Solution 93 &lt...