Advanced Dynamic-system Simulation

Learn the latest techniques in programming sophisticated
simulation systems

This cutting-edge text presents the latest techniques in
advanced simulation programming for interactive modeling and
simulation of dynamic systems, such as aerospace vehicles, control
systems, and biological systems. The author, a leading authority in
the field, demonstrates computer software that can handle large
simulation studies on standard personal computers. Readers can run,
edit, and modify the sample simulations from the text with the
accompanying CD-ROM, featuring the OPEN DESIRE program for Linux
and Windows. The program included on CD solves up to 40,000
ordinary differential equations and implements exceptionally fast
and convenient vector operations.

The text begins with an introduction to dynamic-system
simulation, including a demonstration of a simple guided-missile
simulation. Among the other highlights of coverage are:

• Models that involve sampled-data operations and sampled-data
  difference equations, including improved techniques for proper
  numerical integration of switched variables

• Novel vector compiler that produces exceptionally fast programs
  for vector and matrix assignments, differential equations, and
  difference equations

• Application of vector compiler to parameter-influence studies
  and Monte Carlo simulation of dynamic systems

• Vectorized Monte Carlo simulations involving time-varying
  noise, derived from periodic pseudorandom-noise samples

• Vector models of neural networks, including a new pulsed-neuron
  model

• Vectorized programs for fuzzy-set controller, partial
  differential equations, and agro-ecological models replicated at
  many points of a landscape map

This text is intended for graduate-level students, engineers,
and computer scientists, particularly those involved in aerospace,
control system design, chemical process control, and biological
systems. All readers will gain the practical skills they need to
design sophisticated simulations of dynamic systems.

Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are
not included as part of eBook file.

Autorentext
GRANINO A. KORN, PhD, is a Principal of G.A. and T.M. Korn Industrial Consultants, specializing in software and design systems for interactive simulation of dynamic systems and neural networks. Dr. Korn, a Fellow of the IEEE, has received numerous awards for his innovative research, including the Alexander von Humboldt Prize and the Society for Computer Simulation's Technical Award for Excellence.

Zusammenfassung
Learn the latest techniques in programming sophisticated simulation systems This cutting-edge text presents the latest techniques in advanced simulation programming for interactive modeling and simulation of dynamic systems, such as aerospace vehicles, control systems, and biological systems. The author, a leading authority in the field, demonstrates computer software that can handle large simulation studies on standard personal computers. Readers can run, edit, and modify the sample simulations from the text with the accompanying CD-ROM, featuring the OPEN DESIRE program for Linux and Windows. The program included on CD solves up to 40,000 ordinary differential equations and implements exceptionally fast and convenient vector operations.

The text begins with an introduction to dynamic-system simulation, including a demonstration of a simple guided-missile simulation. Among the other highlights of coverage are:

• Models that involve sampled-data operations and sampled-data difference equations, including improved techniques for proper numerical integration of switched variables
• Novel vector compiler that produces exceptionally fast programs for vector and matrix assignments, differential equations, and difference equations
• Application of vector compiler to parameter-influence studies and Monte Carlo simulation of dynamic systems
• Vectorized Monte Carlo simulations involving time-varying noise, derived from periodic pseudorandom-noise samples
• Vector models of neural networks, including a new pulsed-neuron model
• Vectorized programs for fuzzy-set controller, partial differential equations, and agro-ecological models replicated at many points of a landscape map
  This text is intended for graduate-level students, engineers, and computer scientists, particularly those involved in aerospace, control system design, chemical process control, and biological systems. All readers will gain the practical skills they need to design sophisticated simulations of dynamic systems.

Note: CD-ROM/DVD and other supplementary materials are not included as part of eBook file.

Inhalt

Preface xiii

Chapter 1. Introduction to Dynamic-system Simulation 1

DYNAMIC-SYSTEM MODELS AND COMPUTER PROGRAMS 1

1-1. Computer Modeling and Simulation 1

1-2. Differential-equation Models 2

1-3. Interactive ModelingExperiment Protocol and Simulation Studies 3

1-4. Simulation Software 4

1-5. OPEN DESIRE and DESIRE 4

HOW A SIMULATION RUN WORKS 5

1-6. Sampling the DYNAMIC Segment Variables 5

1-7. Numerical Integration 10

(a) Euler Integration 10

(b) Improved Integration Rules 10

1-8. Sampling Times and Integration Steps 11

1-9. Sorting Defined-variable Assignments 12

EXAMPLES OF SIMPLE APPLICATIONS 12

1-10. Oscillators and Computer Displays 12

(a) A Linear Harmonic Oscillator 12

(b) A Nonlinear Oscillator and Duffing's Differential Equation 15

1-11. Space Vehicle OrbitsVariable-step Integration 15

1-12. A Population-dynamics Model 18

1-13. Splicing Multiple Simulation Runs: Billiard-ball Simulation 20

CONTROL-SYSTEM EXAMPLES 22

1-14. An Electrical Servomechanism with Motor Field Delay and Saturation 22

1-15. Control-system Frequency Response 24

1-16. Simulation of a Simple Guided Missile 25

(a) A Guided Torpedo 25

(b) The Complete Simulation Program 28

WHAT DO WE DO WITH ALL THIS? 29

1-17. Simulation Studies in the Real World: A Word of Caution 29

REFERENCES 30

Chapter 2. Models with Difference Equations, Limiters, and Switches 32

SAMPLED-DATA ASSIGNMENTS AND DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS 32

2-1. Sampled-data Difference Equation Systems 32

2-2. Incremental Form of Simple Difference Equations 34

2-3. Combining Differential Equations and Sampled-data Operations 35

2-4. A Simple Example 36

2-5. Initializing and Resetting Sampled-data Variables 38

EXAMPLES OF MIXED CONTINUOUS/SAMPLED-DATA SYSTEMS 38

2-6. The Guided Torpedo with Digital Control 38

2-7. Simulation of a Plant with a Digital PID Controller 40

MODELING LIMITERS AND SWITCHES 42

2-8. Limiters, Switches, and Comparators 42

(a) Limiter Functions 42

(b) Switching Functions and Comparators 42

2-9. Numerical Integration of Switch and Limiter Outputs, Event Prediction, and Display Problems 45

2-10. Using Sampled-data Assignments 46

2-11. Using the step Operator and Heuristic Integration-step Control 46

2-12. Example: Simulation of a Bang-bang Servomechanism 47

LIMITERS, SWITCHES, AND DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS 49

2-13. Limiters, Absolute Value, and Maximum/Minimum Selection 49

2-14. Output-limited Integration 50

2-15. Modeling Signal Quantization 50

2-16. Continuous-variable Difference Equations with Switching and Limiter Operations 51

(a) Introduction 51

(b) Track-holdSimulation 52

(c) Maximum- and Minimum-value Holding 53

(d) Simple Backlash and Hysteresis Models 53

(e) The Comparator with Hysteresis (Schmitt Trigger) 54

2-17. Signal Generators and Signal Modulation 56

REFERENCES 58

Chapter 3. Programs with Vector/Matrix Operations and Submodels 59

VECTOR ASSIGNMENTS AND VECTOR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 59

3-1. Arrays, Subscripted Vari…