Efficiently Studying Organic Chemistry

Eberhard Breitmaier

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E-Book (epub)

Beschreibung

Study the essentials of organic chemistry efficiently! This e-book for bachelor and master students facilitates effective learning and is renowned for the quality of its content: 85 short chapters present each topic concisely, including questions for self-examination. Based on the author's long teaching experience, this book has been developed from lecture scripts of courses held in the USA and in Germany. It comprises the molecular orbital model to explain covalent bonding in organic molecules, the classes of organic compounds including natural products, polymers and biopolymers, basic concepts (orbital hybridization, resonance, aromaticity), types and mechanisms of organic reactions, and essential aspects of molecular structure such as atom connectivities, skeletal isomerism, conformation, configuration and chirality. The updated 2nd edition includes 4 new chapters on Selectivity and Specificity of Organic Reactions, Planning Organic Syntheses, Carbon-13 NMR, and two-dimensional NMR.

Inhalt
1 Atomic Orbitals, Electronic Configurations 2 Covalent Bonding 3 Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals 4 Covalent Carbon-Carbon Bonding 5 Alkanes 6 Skeletal Structures, Structural Isomerism 7 Basic Rules of Nomenclature 8 Drawing Molecular Structures 9 Conformation 10 Reactive Intermediates 11 Basic Types of Organic Reactions 12 Energy Turnover of Chemical Reactions 13 Radical Substitution 14 Alkenes, Skeletal and Configurational Isomers 15 Synthesis of Alkenes 16 Additions to Alkenes 17 Dienes 18 Additions and Cycloadditions with 1,3-Dienes 19 Alkynes 20 Cycloalkanes 21 Basic Syntheses of Cycloalkanes and Cycloalkenes 22 Reactions of Cycloalkanes and Cycloalkenes 23 Benzene, Aromaticity, Aromatic Compounds 24 Benzenoid Aromatic Compounds 25 Electrophilic Substitution of Benzene 26 Electrophilic Second Substitution of Benzenes 27 Other Reactions of Benzenoid Aromatics 28 Polycyclic Benzenoid Aromatic Compounds 29 Non-benzenoid Aromatic Compounds 30 Alkyl Halides 31 Mechanisms of Nucleophilic Substitution 32 Organometal Compounds 33 Alcohols 34 Diols, Triols 35 Reactions of Alcohols 36 Dehydration of Alcohols 37 Ethers 38 Amines 39 Reactions of Amines 40 Diazo and Azo Compounds 41 Carboxylic Acids 42 Carboxylic Acid Derivatives 43 Substituted Carboxylic Acids 44 Absolute Configuration 45 Enantiomers without Carbon as Stereogenic Center 46 Diastereomers 47 Aldehydes 48 Ketones 49 Carbonyl Reactions 50 CH Acidity of Carbonyl Compounds 51 1,3-Dicarbonyl Compounds 52 Phenols 51 Quinones 54 Organosulfur Compounds 55 Carbonic Acid Derivatives 56 Heterocumulenes 57 Rearrangements 58 Polymers, Polymerization 59 Syntheses with Organosilicon Compounds 60 Heteroalicycles 61 Five-Membered Aromatic Heterocycles 62 Six-Membered Aromatic Heterocycles 63 Benzo-Fused Five-Membered Heteroaromatics 64 Benzo-Fused Six-Membered Heteroaromatics 65 Fused Aromatic Heterocycles 66 Absorption of Light, Color, Dyes 67 Porphyrinoids 68 Amino Acids 69 Peptides, Proteins 70 Alkaloids 71 Carbohydrates: Aldoses and Ketoses 72 Carbohydrates: Oligo- and Polysaccharides 73 Nucleic Acids: DNA and RNA 74 Lipids 75 Polyketides 76 Terpenes 77 Steroids 78 Selectivity and Specificity of Organic Reactions 79 Planning Organic Syntheses 80 Aspects of Molecular Structure 81 Mass Spectrometry 82 Infrared Spectroscopy 83 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Proton NMR 84 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Carbon-13 NMR 85 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance: Two-Dimensional NMR