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Paves the way for new industrial applications using redox biocatalysis
Increasingly, researchers rely on the use of enzymes to perform redox processes as they search for novel industrial synthetic routes. In order to support and advance their investigations, this book provides a comprehensive and current overview of the use of redox enzymes and enzyme-mediated oxidative processes, with an emphasis on the role of redox enzymes in chemical transformations. The authors examine the full range of topics in the field, from basic principles to new and emerging research and applications. Moreover, they explore everything from laboratory-scale procedures to industrial manufacturing.
Redox Biocatalysis begins with a discussion of the biochemical features of redox enzymes as well as cofactors and cofactor regeneration methods. Next, the authors present a variety of topics and materials to the research and development of full-scale industrial applications, including:
Biocatalytic applications of redox enzymes such as dehydrogenases, oxygenases, oxidases, and peroxidases
Enzyme-mediated oxidative processes based on biocatalytic promiscuity
All the steps from enzyme discovery to robust industrial processes, including directed evolution, high-throughput screening, and medium engineering
Case studies tracing the development of industrial applications using biocatalytic redox reactions
Each chapter ends with concluding remarks, underscoring the key scientific principles and processes. Extensive references serve as a gateway to the growing body of research in the field.
Researchers in both academia and industry will find this book an indispensable reference for redox biotransformations, guiding them from underlying core principles to new discoveries and emerging industrial applications.
Autorentext
Daniela Gamenara, PhD, is Assistant Professor in the
Organic Chemistry Department of the Faculty of Chemistry of
Universidad de la República, Uruguay. After two short
postdoctoral internships, her current scientific interest is the
development of enzymatic methodologies for the synthesis of high
added-value compounds and natural products as well, together with
the use of new trends in organocatalysis for the same purposes.
Gustavo A. Seoane, PhD, is Full Professor and Head of the
Organic Chemistry Department of the Faculty of Chemistry of
Universidad de la República, Uruguay. His main scientific
interest is the use of green procedures for the synthesis of
bioactive natural products and analogs, in particular, intensive
use of biotransformations to prepare polyoxygenated targets. He
works actively to promote the development of biocatalysis in South
America.
Patricia Saenz-Méndez, PhD, is Assistant Professor
of Physical Organic Chemistry in the Faculty of Chemistry of
Universidad de la República, Uruguay. She was previously
appointed as postdoctoral fellow at the Örebro University,
Sweden, and the National University of Ireland, Galway. Her work is
devoted to the experimental and in silico development of
biotechnological and organocatalytic tools for the preparation of
high added-value chemicals and natural products.
Pablo Domínguez de María, PhD, is Group Leader
at the Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry (ITMC),
RWTH Aachen University, Germany. He was previously affiliated with
AkzoNobel BV in the Netherlands and Degussa AG in Germany. Dr.
Domínguez de María has also worked as a technical
freelance advisor on emerging technologies (e.g., catalysis)
applied to sustainable chemistry (www.sustainablemomentum.net). He
was awarded the Young Scientist Prize by the Iberoamerican Academy
of Pharmacy.
Zusammenfassung
Paves the way for new industrial applications using redox biocatalysis
Increasingly, researchers rely on the use of enzymes to perform redox processes as they search for novel industrial synthetic routes. In order to support and advance their investigations, this book provides a comprehensive and current overview of the use of redox enzymes and enzyme-mediated oxidative processes, with an emphasis on the role of redox enzymes in chemical transformations. The authors examine the full range of topics in the field, from basic principles to new and emerging research and applications. Moreover, they explore everything from laboratory-scale procedures to industrial manufacturing.
Redox Biocatalysis begins with a discussion of the biochemical features of redox enzymes as well as cofactors and cofactor regeneration methods. Next, the authors present a variety of topics and materials to the research and development of full-scale industrial applications, including:
Researchers in both academia and industry will find this book an indispensable reference for redox biotransformations, guiding them from underlying core principles to new discoveries and emerging industrial applications.
Inhalt
PREFACE ix
1. Enzymes Involved in Redox Reactions: Natural Sources and Mechanistic Overview 1
1.1 Motivation: Green Chemistry and Biocatalysis 1
1.2 Sources of Biocatalysts 2
1.2.1 Plants and Animals as Sources of Redox Biocatalysts 3
1.2.2 Wild-Type Microorganisms 7
1.2.2.1 Yeasts 7
1.2.2.2 Fungi 8
1.2.2.3 Bacteria 8
1.2.3 Metagenomic Assessments 9
1.3 Overview of Redox Enzymes 10
1.3.1 Dehydrogenases 13
1.3.1.1 Zn-Dependent Dehydrogenases 14
1.3.1.2 Flavin-Dependent Dehydrogenases 15
1.3.1.3 Pterin-Dependent Dehydrogenases 16
1.3.1.4 Quinoprotein Dehydrogenases 17
1.3.1.5 Dehydrogenases without Prosthetic Group 18
1.3.2 Oxygenases 19
1.3.2.1 Monooxygenases 20
1.3.2.2 Dioxygenases 38
1.3.3 Oxidases 50
1.3.3.1 Iron-Containing Oxidases 50
1.3.3.2 Copper-Containing Oxidases 51
1.3.3.3 Flavin-Dependent Oxidases 56
1.3.4 Peroxidases 61
1.4 Concluding Remarks 64
References 64
2. Natural Cofactors and Their Regeneration Strategies 86
2.1 Types of Natural CofactorsMechanisms 86
2.2 Cofactor Regeneration 88
2.2.1 Enzymatic Regeneration of Reduced Cofactors 88
2.2.1.1 Substrate-Assisted Method 88
2.2.1.2 Enzyme-Assisted Method 89
2.2.2 Enzymatic Regeneration of Oxidized Cofactors 92
2.2.3 Chemical Regeneration of Cofactors 94
2.2.4 Electrochemical Regeneration of Cofactors 95
2.2.5 Photochemical Regeneration of Cofactors 96
2.3 Concluding Remarks 97
References 98
3. Reactions Involving Dehydrogenases 101
3.1 General Considerations 101
3.2 Reduction of Carbonyl Groups 105
3.2.1 Reduction of Aliphatic and Aromatic Ketones 106
3.2.2 Reduction of - and -keto Esters and Derivatives 119
3.2.3 Reduction of Diketones 126
3.2.4 Reduction of Aldehydes 128
3.3 Racemization and Deracemization Reactions 130
3.4 Preparation of Amines 135
3.5 Reduction of CC Double Bonds 142
3.6 Oxidation Reactions 152
3.7 Dehydrogenase-Catalyzed Redox Reactions in Natural Products 159
3.8 Concluding Remarks 164
References 165
4. Reactions Involving Oxygenases 180
4.1 Monooxygenase-Catalyzed Reactions 180
4.1.1 Hydroxylation of Aliphatic Compounds 181
4.1.2 Hydroxylation of Aromatic Compounds 187
4.1.3 BaeyerVilli…