Properties of Polymers

Properties of Polymers: Their Correlation with Chemical Structure; Their Numerical Estimation and Prediction from Additive Group Contributions summarizes the latest developments regarding polymers, their properties in relation to chemical structure, and methods for estimating and predicting numerical properties from chemical structure. In particular, it examines polymer electrical properties, magnetic properties, and mechanical properties, as well as their crystallization and environmental behavior and failure. The rheological properties of polymer melts and polymer solutions are also considered.
Organized into seven parts encompassing 27 chapters, this book begins with an overview of polymer science and engineering, including the typology of polymers and their properties. It then turns to a discussion of thermophysical properties, from transition temperatures to volumetric and calorimetric properties, along with the cohesive aspects and conformation statistics. It also introduces the reader to the behavior of polymers in electromagnetic and mechanical fields of force. The book covers the quantities that influence the transport of heat, momentum, and matter, particularly heat conductivity, viscosity, and diffusivity; properties that control the chemical stability and breakdown of polymers; and polymer properties as an integral concept, with emphasis on processing and product properties. Readers will find tables that give valuable (numerical) data on polymers and include a survey of the group contributions (increments) of almost every additive function considered.
This book is a valuable resource for anyone working on practical problems in the field of polymers, including organic chemists, chemical engineers, polymer processers, polymer technologists, and both graduate and PhD students.

Inhalt

From the preface to the first edition (1972)
From the preface to the second edition (1976)
Preface to the third edition
Acknowledgements
Part I. General introduction: A bird's-eye view of polymer science and engineering
Chapter 1. Polymer properties
Approach and Objective
Bibliography
Chapter 2. Typology of polymers
A. Polymer structure
B. Molecular mass and molecular mass distribution
C. Phase transitions in polymers
D. Morphology of solid polymers
E. Polymeric liquid crystals
F. Multiple component polymer systems
G. Relaxation phenomena
Appendix I. Milestones in the history of polymer science
Appendix II. Chronological development of commercial polymers
Bibliography
Chapter 3. Typology of properties
A. The concept "Polymer properties"
B. Physical quantities and their units
C. Categories of physical quantities
D. Dimensionless groups of quantities
E. Types of molar properties
F. Additive molar functions
Bibliography
Part II. Thermophysical properties of polymers
Chapter 4. Volumetric properties
A. Fundamental quantities of mass and volume
B. Standard molar volumes at room temperature (298 K)
C. Thermal expansion
D. Isothermal compression - Equations of state
Bibliography
Chapter 5. Calorimetric properties
A. Heat capacity
B. Latent heat of crystallization and fusion (melting)
C. Enthalpy and entropy
Bibliography
Chapter 6. Transition temperatures
A. The glass transition temperature
B. The crystalline melting point
C. Relationship between glass transition temperature and melting point of polymers
D. Relationship between Tg, Tm and other transition temperatures
E. Transitions in thermotropic liquid crystal polymers
Appendix I. Rules of thumb for substituting a H-atom by a group X
Appendix II. Similarities and differences between Yg and Ym
Bibliography
Chapter 7. Cohesive properties and solubility
A. Cohesive energy
B. Solubility
C. Internal pressure
Bibliography
Chapter 8. Interfacial energy properties
A. Surface energy of liquids and melts
B. Surface energy of solid polymers
C. General expression for the interfacial tension
D. Polymer adhesion
Bibliography
Chapter 9. Limiting viscosity number (intrinsic viscosity) and related properties of very dilute solutions
A. Molecular dimensions of the conformational state
B. The limiting viscosity number (intrinsic viscosity)
C. Interrelationships of "limiting" diffusive transport quantities
Bibliography
Part III. Properties of polymers in fields of force
Chapter 10. Optical properties
A. Optical properties in general
B. Light refraction
C. Reflection
D. Birefringence (and optical rotation)
E. Light scattering
F. Absorption
G. Optical appearance properties
Bibliography
Chapter 11. Electrical properties
A. Dielectric polarization
B. Static electrification and conductivity
C. Ultimate electrical properties
Bibliography
Chapter 12. Magnetic properties
A. Magnetic susceptibility (Magnetic inductive capacity)
B. Magnetic resonance
Bibliography
Chapter 13. Mechanical properties of solid polymers
A. Elastic parameters
B. Rubber elasticity
C. Viscoelasticity
D. Ultimate mechanical properties
E. Mechanical properties of uniaxially oriented polymers (fibers)
Bibliography
Chapter 14. Acoustic properties
A. Sound propagation and absorption
B. Additive molar functions for sound propagation
C. Sonic absorption
Bibliography
Part IV. Transport properties of polymers
Chapter 15. Rheological properties of polymer melts
A. Modes of deformation and definition of viscosity
B. Newtonian shear viscosity of polymer melts
C. Non-Newtonian shear viscosity of polymer melts
D. Extensional viscosity of polymer melts
E. Elastic effects in polymer melts
F. Rheological properties of liquid crystal polymer melts
Appendix I. Flow of polymer melts through narrow tubes and capillaries
Appendix II. Analysis of flow in processing operations
Bibliography
Chapter 16. Rheological properties of polymer solutions
A. Dilute polymer solutions
B. Concentrated polymer solutions
C. Extensional deformation of polymer solutions
D. Solutions of lyotropic liquid crystal polymers
Bibliography
Chapter 17. Transport of thermal energy
Thermal conductivity
Bibliography
Appendix
Chapter 18. Properties determining mass transfer in polymeric systems
A. Permeation of simple gases
B. Permeations of a more complex nature
C. Dissolution of polymers as a case of permeation
D. Bibliography
Chapter 19. Crystallization and recrystallization
A. Crystallinity, nucleation and growth
B. Spherulitic crystallization of polymers from the melt
C. Induced crystallization of flexible polymeric molecules by pressure and stress
D. Extended chain crystallization of flexible polymer chains
E. Extended chain crystallization of rigid macromolecules
Bibliography
Part V. Properties determining the chemical stability and breakdown of polymers
Chapter 20. Thermochemical properties
A. Thermodynamics and kinetics
B. Calculation of the free enthalpy of reaction from group contributions
C. Thermodynamics of free radicals
Bibliography
Chapter 21. Thermal decomposition
A. Thermal degradation
B. Char formation
C. Kinetics of thermal degradation
Bibliography
Chapter 22. Chemical degradation
Bibliography
Part VI. Polymer properties as an integral concept
Chapter 23. Intrinsic properties in retrospect
A. Reference values of intrinsic properties expressed as a function of additive quantities
B. Effect of structural groups on properties
C. Dependence of intrinsic properties on process variables
D. Outlook
Chapter 24. Processing properties
A. Classification of processes
B. Some important processing properties
C. Imple…