Annual Plant Reviews, Plant Mitochondria

This long-awaited second edition covers the major changes that have occurred in the field over the last decade Completely revised with the most up-to-date research and including brand new chapters, Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 50: Plant Mitochondria, 2nd Edition presents the multifaceted roles of mitochondria in plants. The book starts with a short history of plant mitochondrial research; discusses how coevolution shaped plant mitochondrial gene expression; explains control of number, shape, size, and motility of mitochondria; delves into stress responses and roles in stress alleviation in mitochondrial biochemistry; covers the damage repair pathway of the Calvin-Benson cycle; and more. Containing sections written by many of the world s leading researchers in this area, this book brings together and reviews for the first time many recent advances. It offers chapters on: Bioblasts, Cytomikrosomen & Chondriosomes; The Crosstalk Between Genomes; The Dynamic Chondriome; Metal Homeostasis in Plant Mitochondria; RNA Metabolism and Transcript Regulation; Mitochondrial Regulation and Signalling in the Photosynthetic Cell; Mitochondrial Biochemistry; Ecophysiology of Plant Respiration; Photorespiration; and Mitochondria and Cell Death. Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 50: Plant Mitochondria, 2nd Edition is an extremely important and timely book that will be of great use and interest to plant scientists, cell and molecular biologists, and biochemists.

Autorentext

David C. Logan, PhD

Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences, Université d'Angers, France.

Zusammenfassung

This long-awaited second edition covers the major changes that have occurred in the field over the last decade

Completely revised with the most up-to-date research and including brand new chapters, Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 50: Plant Mitochondria, 2nd Edition presents the multifaceted roles of mitochondria in plants. The book starts with a short history of plant mitochondrial research; discusses how coevolution shaped plant mitochondrial gene expression; explains control of number, shape, size, and motility of mitochondria; delves into stress responses and roles in stress alleviation in mitochondrial biochemistry; covers the damage repair pathway of the Calvin-Benson cycle; and more.

Containing sections written by many of the world's leading researchers in this area, this book brings together and reviews for the first time many recent advances. It offers chapters on: Bioblasts, Cytomikrosomen & Chondriosomes; The Crosstalk Between Genomes; The Dynamic Chondriome; Metal Homeostasis in Plant Mitochondria; RNA Metabolism and Transcript Regulation; Mitochondrial Regulation and Signalling in the Photosynthetic Cell; Mitochondrial Biochemistry; Ecophysiology of Plant Respiration; Photorespiration; and Mitochondria and Cell Death.

Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 50: Plant Mitochondria, 2nd Edition is an extremely important and timely book that will be of great use and interest to plant scientists, cell and molecular biologists, and biochemists.

Inhalt

List of Contributors xv

Preface xvii

**1 Bioblasts, Cytomikrosomen and Chondriosomes: A Short Incomplete History of Plant Mitochondrial Research 1
**David C. Logan and Iain Scott

1.1 Discovery 1

1.2 Complexity of nomenclature 2

1.2.1 Discoveries of mitochondria in plants 2

1.3 Mitochondrial are dynamic 3

1.4 Mitochondrial function and outputs 4

1.4.1 Vital staining of mitochondria with Janus green B and identification of mitochondria as sites of redox 5

1.4.2 Special features of plant mitochondria 6

1.5 Mitochondrial DNA 6

1.5.1 Mitochondria, photosynthesis and carbon cycling 7

1.5.2 A trigger for death 7

1.6 Known knowns, known unknowns and unknown unknowns of mitochondrial biology 8

References 9

**2 Mitochondrial DNA Repair and Genome Evolution 11
**Alan C. Christensen

2.1 Plant mitochondrial genomes are large and variable 11

2.1.1 Low mutation rates in genes 11

2.1.2 Genome Organization 12

2.1.3 Genome replication 13

2.2 The mutational burden hypothesis 13

2.2.1 Problems with the MBH and mutation rate measurements 13

2.3 DNA repair?]based hypothesis 16

2.4 Additional mechanisms of DNA repair 19

2.4.1 Mismatch repair and MSH1 20

2.4.2 Nucleotide excision repair 22

2.5 Outcomes of DNA repair 22

2.6 How repair processes affect genome evolution 23

2.7 Unanswered questions 24

Acknowledgements 25

References 26

**3 The Cross?]Talk Between Genomes: How Co?]Evolution Shaped Plant Mitochondrial Gene Expression 33
**Françoise Budar and Hakim Mireau

3.1 Introduction 33

3.2 Evidence showing the versatility of factors involved in plant mitochondria gene expression 35

3.2.1 Transcription 35

3.2.2 RNA maturation 38

3.2.3 RNA editing 41

3.2.4 Intron splicing 44

3.3 Mitochondrial gene expression: co?]evolution makes sense 46

3.3.1 Co?]evolution of cytoplasmic male sterility 46

3.3.2 Most Rf genes encode PPR proteins 48

3.4 Co?]evolution scenarios 50

3.5 Conclusion and perspectives 54

References 54

**4 The Dynamic Chondriome: Control of Number, Shape, Size and Motility of Mitochondria 67
**David C. Logan and Gaël Paszkiewicz

4.1 Introduction 67

4.2 Motility 68

4.2.1 Actin?]mediated displacement 68

4.2.2 Microtubules 70

4.3 Number 71

4.3.1 Division 71

4.3.2 A dynamin?]independent division mechanism? 80

4.3.3 Fusion 81

4.4 The chondriostat: mitochondrial dynamics during development and following modification of cell environment 86

4.5 Mitochondrial quality control and regulation of dynamics to enable selective degradation of mitochondria 88

4.5.1 The mitophagy apparatus 89

4.5.2 FRIENDLY/Clu?]type proteins 92

4.6 Case study: mitochondrial dynamics during germination 94

4.6.1 The germination process 94

4.6.2 The chondriome during germination 96

4.7 Conclusions 99

Acknowledgements 99

References 100

**5 Metal Homeostasis in Plant Mitochondria 111
**Gianpiero Vigani and Marc Hanikenne

5.1 Introduction 111

5.2 Iron 114

5.2.1 Heme and Fe?]S clusters 114

5.2.2 Fe binding proteins 117

5.2.3 Fe transport 119

5.3 Copper 121

5.4 Zinc 123

5.5 Manganese 125

5.6 Trace metals in plant mitochondria 128

5.7 Metallome perturbation within mitochondria 129

5.8 Conclusions 132

Acknowledgements 132

References 133

**6 RNA Metabolism and Transcript Regulation 143
**Michal Zmudjak and Oren Ostersetzer?]Biran 6.1 Introdu...